Gevin



(No Model.)

. F. E. BURGEVIN.

WRENCH.

- No. 521,5 2. Patented June 19, 1894.

Igficgl'n Francswwyem W i l gasses UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFIC FRANCIS EDMUND BURGEVIN, OF BURGEVIN, INDIAN TERRITORY.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 521 ,582, dated June 19, 1894. Application filed January 81, 1894. Serial No. 4=98,619- (No model.)

serve the functions of a wrench, a hamrnen.

face, a nail-puller, hand-vise, or'as pliers for twisting rods or pipes, and to be capable of a rapid adjustment to suit the dimensions of any object to be grasped and .to be securely and rigidly locked and clamped thereupon.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear in the following description,

and the novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings:Figure 1 is a perspective view of a wrench embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view'thereof. Fig. 3 is a detail in perspective of the locking-block.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

In the practice of my invention I produce a stock or shank 1, the same being rectangular in cross-section, and either shaped at one end to form,or provided with a handle 2, and at its opposite end with an integral, laterallydisposed fixed'head 3. The head 3 is extended atone side of the stock l to form a hammer-face 4, for which purpose it is'preferably flared slightly, and the said face may if employed be provided with a groove 5 for engaging the heads of nails that may lie above the surface of an object and therefore .be capable of being engaged by such groove and withdrawn. The head 3 is furthermore projected laterally at the opposite, or whatI shall, for the purpose of convenience, term the under side, of the stock 1, and thus forms a rigid jaw 6, which is pointed or reduced to 'ward its outer extremity, and has its inner face provided with a series of transverse teeth, as'shown.

Arranged to slide upon the stock 1 is the movable jaw 7, the same having a transverse bore 8 which loosely receives the stock 1 and whose walls are plain, so as to permit said jaw to readily slide upon the stock from the handle to the fixed jaw. The jaw 7 like the jaw 6 is reduced toward its outer extremity, and is likewise serrated or toothed to correspond therewith. The inner end of the jaw 7 is preferably slightly reduced at 8, and in this reduced portion there is formed a longitudinally disposed elongated slot 9. A looking-block 10 is provided at its forward end with a pair of jaw-embracing ears 11,througl1 which a transverse pin or pintle 12 extends, the same also passing through the slot 9 and thus loosely pivoting the said block 10 to the jaw 7, and by reason of the pin or pintle being located in the elongated slot the said block is capable of a swinging and a longitudinal movement with relation to the jaw 7. The outer face of the block is provided with bearing-ears, and through the same there is passed a transverse pin or pintle 14, the same also passing through aperforation formed in the forward end of a lever 15 designed to lie upon the stock. This lever 15 is pivoted at its outer forward endto the block 10, and is provided with'an eccentrically operating shoulder 16 at its inner forward end, the same being designed to abut against the end of the block 10. The block 10 is provided with a longitudinal bore 17, which extends throughout its length, and arranged for sliding in said bore and slightly longer than the same is a headed rod 18. That side of the stock adjacent to the lever 15 is provided with a series of inclined teeth 19, the same being disposed outward or toward the head ofthe wrench, and the block 10 upon its under surface or that side adjacent to the'stock is provided with a series of inclined teeth 20, reversely disposed with relation to the disposition of the teeth 19, corresponding therewith V be held against the stock and prevented from becoming injured by accidentally engaging with other objects. The slot 9 is preferably about twice the width of the teeth 19, so that as will hereinafter appear, the jaw 7 may be moved a distance agreeing with twice the width of a tooth 19.

The operation of my invention is as followsz-In order to grip a pipe, rod, nut, orany object, the lever is swung, together with the block 10, laterally upon the pin 12, and the jaw 7 pushed to the desired point, so that the object is engaged between the jaws 6 and 7. The block is now swung inward independent of the lever-15, so that its teeth become engaged with the teeth 19 of the stock, after which the lever15is drawn inward, the pin 14 connecting it with the block serving as a fulcrum upon which the lever operates. The inward movement of the lever causes its shoulder 16 to meet with the inner end of the rod 18, and the latter is moved forward so that its outer end abuts against the innerend of the jaw 7, causing the latter to move forward and thus grip, clamp, or impinge upon the object arranged between the jaws. By this arrangement I am enabled to move the jaw the distance, in the present instance, of two teeth 19, so for instance, the teeth may be formed one-eighth of an inch apart and I would therefore prefer to move the jaw 7 about one-fourth of an inch, so that any object could be securely gripped. Of course after the block 10 has become locked with the teeth of the stock and the spring-catch engaged with the groove, the wrench may be manipulated without fear of any accidental disengagement with or loosening of the jaws upon the object. In order to release the object it is simply necessary to swing the lever 15 outward.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided a wrench wherein an adj ustment is produced that is quick and effective, and causes the jaws to tightly and securely grip any object, so that the wrench is adapted for removing or applying nuts, twisting rods or pipes, or for use as an ordinary hand-vise. The pointed ends of the jaws may be driven into wood and caused to embrace the head of a nail sunken therein and thus withdraw the same from the wood, or if the groove 5 cannot be used to advantage in withdrawing a nail whose head projects above the surface in which it is driven, the jaws 6 and 7 may be employed for this purpose. Of course I may omit the hammer-face 4 and the groove 5; I may also form the jaws 6 and 7 plain or untapered and untoothed, and in fact I may vary the details in numerous ways without departing from the spirit of my invention or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof.

The special function of the spring-catch is to maintain the lever in contact with orjuxtaposition to the handle when the device is used as a hammer, or otherwise than as a wrench, in order to prevent said lever from swinging outward and being injured when it is'not convenient for the operator to hold the same in place. It will be understood, furthermore, that this construction may under certain circumstances be omitted.

Having described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In a wrench, the combination with a toothed stock terminati ngin a fixed headform ing a jaw, of a movable jaw slidably mounted upon said stock, a locking-block pivotally connected to the movable jaw and provided with teeth to engage the teeth of the stock, the pivot whereby the movable jaw and looking block are connected being arranged in a slot in the former whereby the jaw is capable of a limited longitudinal movement independent of the block, a leverfulcrumed upon the locking-block, and connections between the lever and the movable jaw, whereby when the free end of the former is drawn toward the stock the jaw is advanced toward the fixed head, substantially as specified.

2. In a wrench, the combination with a stock terminating at its outer end in a fixed head forming a jaw, and provided with teeth at one of its sides, of a movable jaw loosely mounted on the stock,a toothed locking block slidably and pivotally connected with said movable jaw and provided with a bore, a pushrod longer than and arranged in the bore, and a lever eccentrically pivoted to the lockingblock with relation to the rod and having a shoulder for hearing against the inner end thereof, substantially as specified.

3. In a wrench, the combination with a stock terminating at its outer end in a fixed head forming a jaw and provided with teeth at one of its sides, of a movable jaw loosely mounted on the stock, a toothed locking-block slidably and pivotally connected with such movable jaw and provided with a bore, a pushrod longer than and arranged in the bore, a lever eccentrically pivoted to the locking block with relation to the rod and havinga shoulder for hearing against the inner end thereof, and means for locking the lever in a closed position against the stock, substantially as specified.

4. In a wrench, the combination with a stock terminating at its outer end in a fixed head forming a jaw and provided with teeth at one of its sides, of a movable jaw loosely mounted on the stock, a toothed lockingblock slidably and pivotally connected with said movable jaw and provided with a bore, a push-handle longer than and arranged in the bore, a lever eccentrically pivoted to the locking-block with relation to the rod and having a shoulder for bearing against the innor end thereof, a groove formed in the side of the stock, and a spring-catch carried by IIO the lever for engaging the groove, substanstock and provided adjacent to the teeth and the block, abore formed in the block, aheaded at its inner end with a reduced longitudinally rod longer than the bore mounted in the same slotted portion, the slot of which is of greater and adapted to be borne upon and operated 15 length than the width of the teeth, the lockby the lever, and means for locking the lever 5 ing-block provided at its forward ends with against the stock, substantially as specified. perforated rears engaging the reduced and In testimony that I claim the foregoing as slotted portion of the jaw and provided at its my own I have hereto affixed my signature in inner side with teeth corresponding with those the presence of two witnesses.

of the stock and at its outer rear side with ears, FRANCIS EDMUND BURGEVIN. [O a transverse pin passed through the slot of the Witnesses:

jaw, and the forwardly disposed ears, a lever Q. E. BOWMAN,

pivoted betweenthe ears at the rear side of L. E. MERRYMAN.- 

